wireless communication
How to install outdoor antenna? Introduction to 5 specifications
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Compared with the indoor antenna, the outdoor antenna needs to consider the surrounding complex environment, and there will be many points to pay attention to in the installation. This paper will focus on the five installation specifications of outdoor antenna and introduce how to operate it correctly.
1、 Tower side installation of directional antenna
2.4 GHz, 14 DBI, 90 ° sector antenna, vertical polarization, integrated n-type female connector
In order to reduce the influence of the antenna tower on the antenna directivity pattern, it should be noted during installation that the distance from the center of the directional antenna to the tower is λ/ 4 or 3 λ/ 4, the maximum directivity outside the tower can be obtained.
2、 Tower side installation of omnidirectional antenna
2.4 GHz 7 DBI omnidirectional Mini Pro Series antenna - n-type female connector
In order to reduce the influence of the antenna tower on the antenna directivity pattern, in principle, the antenna tower cannot become the reflector of the antenna. Therefore, during installation, the antenna should always be installed on the edges and corners, and the nearest distance between the antenna and any part of the tower should be greater than λ。
3、 Multi antenna common tower
To minimize the coupling and interaction between the receiving and transmitting antennas of different networks, and try to increase the isolation between antennas, the best way is to increase the distance between them. When the antenna is in the same tower, the vertical installation shall be preferred.
4、 Traditional monopolar antenna (vertical polarization)
Due to the isolation (≥ 30dB) between antennas (rx-tx, tx-tx) and the requirements of spatial diversity technology, there is a certain horizontal and vertical separation distance between antennas. Generally, the vertical distance is about 50cm and the horizontal distance is about 4.5m. At this time, infrastructure investment must be increased to expand the platform for installing antennas.
5、 Dual polarization antenna (± 45 ° polarization)
Since the polarization orthogonality of ± 45 ° can ensure that the isolation between + 45 ° and - 45 ° antennas can meet the requirements of intermodulation on the isolation between antennas (≥ 30dB), the spatial spacing between dual polarization antennas only needs 20-30cm. The mobile base station does not need to build an iron tower, but only needs to erect an iron column with a diameter of 20cm, and fix the dual polarization antenna on the iron column according to the corresponding coverage direction.
Antenna spacing:
1. Diversity receiving antenna in the same cell: > 3M
2. Horizontal spacing of omnidirectional antenna: > 4m
3. Horizontal spacing of directional antenna: > 2.5m
4. Vertical spacing of antennas on different platforms: > 1m
It should also be noted that the transceiver antenna can not be placed upside down except as specifically specified in the manual. It is within the protection range of lightning rod. Antenna orientation: for directional antenna, the first sector is 60 degrees north by East, the second sector is due south, and the third sector is 60 degrees north by West. Antenna inclination: ensure that the actual inclination of the antenna meets the se design requirements, and the error is less than 2 degrees. Antenna perpendicularity: except for the base station with antenna inclination, the perpendicularity of the antenna shall not be greater than 2 degrees.
